The Suppression of the African Slave Trade to the United States of America Part 55

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Senate Bill No. 251, to repeal an act ent.i.tled "An act to prevent the importation of certain persons into certain States where by the laws thereof their admission is prohibited." Mr. Sumner said that the bill had pa.s.sed the Senate once, and that he hoped it would now pa.s.s. Pa.s.sed; t.i.tle amended by adding "approved February 28, 1803;" June 29, bill pa.s.sed over in House; July 14, consideration again postponed on Mr.

Woodward's objection. _Congressional Globe_, 41 Cong. 2 sess. pp. 2894, 2932, 4953, 5594.

~1870, Sept. 16. Great Britain: Additional Treaty.~

"Additional convention to the treaty of April 7, 1862, respecting the African slave trade." Concluded June 3, 1870; ratifications exchanged at London August 10, 1870; proclaimed September 16, 1870. _U.S. Treaties and Conventions_ (1889), pp. 472-6.

~1871, Dec. 11. Congress (House): Bill on Slave-Trade.~

On the call of States, Mr. Banks introduced "a bill (House, No. 490) to carry into effect article thirteen of the Const.i.tution of the United States, and to prohibit the owning or dealing in slaves by American citizens in foreign countries." _House Journal_, 42 Cong. 2 sess. p.

48.

APPENDIX C.

TYPICAL CASES OF VESSELS ENGAGED IN THE AMERICAN SLAVE-TRADE. 1619-1864.

This chronological list of certain typical American slavers is not intended to catalogue all known cases, but is designed merely to ill.u.s.trate, by a few selected examples, the character of the licit and the illicit traffic to the United States.

~1619.~ ----. Dutch man-of-war, imports twenty Negroes into Virginia, the first slaves brought to the continent. Smith, _Generall Historie of Virginia_ (1626 and 1632), p. 126.

~1645.~ ~Rainbowe,~ under Captain Smith, captures and imports African slaves into Ma.s.sachusetts. The slaves were forfeited and returned.

_Ma.s.sachusetts Colonial Records_, II. 115, 129, 136, 168, 176; III. 13, 46, 49, 58, 84.

~1655.~ ~Witte paert,~ first vessel to import slaves into New York.

O'Callaghan, _Laws of New Netherland_ (ed. 1868), p. 191, note.

~1736, Oct.~ ----. Rhode Island slaver, under Capt. John Griffen.

_American Historical Record_, I. 312.

~1746.~ ----. Spanish vessel, with certain free Negroes, captured by Captains John Dennis and Robert Morris, and Negroes sold by them in Rhode Island, Ma.s.sachusetts, and New York; these Negroes afterward returned to Spanish colonies by the authorities of Rhode Island. _Rhode Island Colonial Records_, V. 170, 176-7; Dawson's _Historical Magazine_, XVIII. 98.

~1752.~ ~Sanderson,~ of Newport, trading to Africa and West Indies.

_American Historical Record_, I. 315-9, 338-42. Cf. above, p. 35, note 4.

~1788~ (_circa_). ----. "One or two" vessels fitted out in Connecticut.

W.C. Fowler, _Historical Status of the Negro in Connecticut_, in _Local Law_, etc., p. 125.

~1801.~ ~Sally,~ of Norfolk, Virginia, equipped slaver; libelled and acquitted; owners claimed damages. _American State Papers, Commerce and Navigation_, I. No. 128.

~1803~ (?). ----. Two slavers seized with slaves, and brought to Philadelphia; both condemned, and slaves apprenticed. Robert Sutcliff, _Travels in North America_, p. 219.

~1804.~ ----. Slaver, allowed by Governor Claiborne to land fifty Negroes in Louisiana. _American State Papers, Miscellaneous_, I. No.

177.

~1814.~ ~Saucy Jack~ carries off slaves from Africa and attacks British cruiser. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, p. 46; 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 147.

~1816~ (_circa_). ~Paz,~ ~Rosa,~ ~Dolores,~ ~Nueva Paz,~ and ~Dorset,~ American slavers in Spanish-African trade. Many of these were formerly privateers. _Ibid._, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, pp. 45-6; 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, pp. 144-7.

~1817, Jan. 17.~ ~Eugene,~ armed Mexican schooner, captured while attempting to smuggle slaves into the United States. _House Doc._, 15 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 12, p. 22.

~1817, Nov. 19.~ ~Tentativa,~ captured with 128 slaves and brought into Savannah. _Ibid._, p. 38; _House Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No.

348, p. 81. See _Friends' View of the African Slave Trade_ (1824), pp.

44-7.

~1818.~ ----. Three schooners unload slaves in Louisiana. Collector Chew to the Secretary of the Treasury, _House Reports_, 21 Cong. 1 sess. III.

No. 348, p. 70.

~1818, Jan. 23.~ English brig ~Neptune,~ detained by U.S.S. John Adams, for smuggling slaves into the United States. _House Doc._, 16 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 36 (3).

~1818, June.~ ~Const.i.tution,~ captured with 84 slaves on the Florida coast, by a United States army officer. See references under 1818, June, below.

~1818, June.~ ~Louisa~ and ~Merino,~ captured slavers, smuggling from Cuba to the United States; condemned after five years' litigation.

_House Doc._, 15 Cong. 2 sess. VI. No. 107; 19 Cong. 1 sess. VI.-IX.

Nos. 121, 126, 152, 163; _House Reports_, 19 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 231; _American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, II. No. 308; Decisions of the United States Supreme Court in _9 Wheaton_, 391.

~1819.~ ~Antelope,~ or ~General Ramirez.~ The Colombia (or Arraganta), a Venezuelan privateer, fitted in the United States and manned by Americans, captures slaves from a Spanish slaver, the Antelope, and from other slavers; is wrecked, and transfers crew and slaves to Antelope; the latter, under the name of the General Ramirez, is captured with 280 slaves by a United States ship. The slaves were distributed, some to Spanish claimants, some sent to Africa, and some allowed to remain; many died. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No. 92, pp. 5, 15; 21 Cong.

1 sess. III. No. 348, p. 186; _House Journal_, 20 Cong. 1 sess. pp. 59, 76, 123 to 692, _pa.s.sim_. Gales and Seaton, _Register of Debates_, IV.

pt. 1, pp. 915-6, 955-68, 998, 1005; _Ibid._, pt. 2, pp. 2501-3; _American State Papers, Naval Affairs_, II. No. 319, pp. 750-60; Decisions of the United States Supreme Court in _10 Wheaton_, 66, and _12 Ibid._, 546.

~1820.~ ~Endymion,~ ~Plattsburg,~ ~Science,~ ~Esperanza,~ and ~Alexander,~ captured on the African coast by United States ships, and sent to New York and Boston. _House Reports_, 17 Cong. 1 sess. II. No.

92, pp. 6, 15; 21 Cong. 1 sess. III. No. 348, pp. 122, 144, 187.